{"id":17510,"date":"2026-07-08T13:57:22","date_gmt":"2026-07-08T13:57:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/?p=17510"},"modified":"2026-07-08T13:57:22","modified_gmt":"2026-07-08T13:57:22","slug":"minpouandiamat-27in180vski-10uanka43-13i11lyismos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/minpouandiamat-27in180vski-10uanka43-13i11lyismos\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03cc\u03c6\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<style>\n    body {<br \/>      font-family: 'Georgia', serif;<br \/>      line-height: 1.7;<br \/>      max-width: 800px;<br \/>      margin: 2rem auto;<br \/>      padding: 0 1.5rem;<br \/>      color: #222;<br \/>      background-color: #fafafa;<br \/>    }<br \/>    h1, h2, h3 {<br \/>      color: #1a365d;<br \/>    }<br \/>    blockquote {<br \/>      border-left: 4px solid #4a5568;<br \/>      margin: 1.5rem 0;<br \/>      padding-left: 1.2rem;<br \/>      font-style: italic;<br \/>      color: #4a5568;<br \/>    }<br \/>    .footnote {<br \/>      font-size: 0.9em;<br \/>      color: #555;<br \/>    }<br \/><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><br \/>  <\/style>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03cc\u03c6\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 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Poincar\u00e9), \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u2014 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac<\/strong> \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<br \/>\n\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af\u03c7\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b7 \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf \u0386\u03bb\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4 \u0391\u03ca\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf 1905, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 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\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0393\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 21\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1<span class=\"footnote\"><sup>[1] <\/sup><\/span>, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1: \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 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\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 &#8220;<em>\u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;<\/em> (1909) \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03bc\u03b9\u03c1 \u038a\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03c2 \u039b\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd &#8220;<em>\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03a4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd&#8221;<\/em> (1914\u20131916, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd 1933, \u0386\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u0388\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1, \u03a4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 29)<span class=\"footnote\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/span>.<br \/>\n\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <strong>\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, <\/strong>\u00a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 (J.J. Thomson, 1897), \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u2014 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u00ab\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb \u03ae \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u039b\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u039f\u03bc\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af<\/strong>:<br \/>\n\u039f \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u039b\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 (\u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 <em>\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad<\/em>), \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<br \/>\n\u039f \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03cc\u03c6\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5, \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <em>\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae<\/em> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03a4\u03bf \u03a4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 (\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2)<\/strong>:<br \/>\n\u039f \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae (\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2), \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1.<br \/>\n\u03a4\u03bf 1908, \u03bf \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03cc\u03c6\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 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\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2. \u039d\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.\u00bb<br \/>\n\u2014 \u03a6\u03c1. \u0388\u03bd\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03c2, <em>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u0397 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 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\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong>: \u0397 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u039f \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae<\/strong>: \u03a4\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u2014 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 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\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2: \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u2014 \u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u2014 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u00ab\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u00bb \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u0388\u03bd\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03c2.<\/p>\n<h2>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/h2>\n<p>\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03cc\u03c6\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u00ab\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2\u00bb, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03bf \u039b\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 <em>\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03a4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1<\/em>, \u00ab\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1: \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u2014 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Perelman, G. (2002\u20132003). <em>The entropy formula for the Ricci flow and its geometric applications<\/em>. arXiv:math.DG\/0211159.<\/li>\n<li>Engels, F. (1873\u20131886). <em>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>. \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 1925.<\/li>\n<li>\u039b\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd, \u0392.\u0399. (1909). <em>\u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/em>. \u0386\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u0388\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1, \u03a4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 18.<br \/>\n\u039b\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd, \u0392.\u0399. (1914\u20131916). <em>\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03a4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1<\/em>. \u0386\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u0388\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1, \u03a4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 29.<\/li>\n<li>Poincar\u00e9, H. (1905). <em>Sur la dynamique de l\u2019\u00e9lectron<\/em>. Comptes Rendus de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie des Sciences.<\/li>\n<li>Minkowski, H. (1908). <em>Raum und Zeit<\/em> (\u03a7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2). \u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u039f \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03a7\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03cc\u03c6\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9 (Hermann Minkowski) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03c1\u03af \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad (Henri Poincar\u00e9) \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u2014 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b7 \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf \u0386\u03bb\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4 \u0391\u03ca\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf 1905. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0397 \u00ab\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u00bb \u2014 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u2014 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1904 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 (2002\u20132003) \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0393\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd[1]. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1: \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u00ab\u03bb\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2\u00bb \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5, \u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0388\u03c1\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4 \u039c\u03b1\u03c7 (1880s) \u2014 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03ca \u2014 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7. \u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03bf \u00ab\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2\u00bb \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03ca\u03b4\u03b5\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 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\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae \u2014 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u2014 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (1909) \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03bc\u03b9\u03c1 \u038a\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03c2 \u039b\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03a4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (1914\u20131916, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd 1933, \u0386\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u0388\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1, \u03a4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 29)[3]. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7: \u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 (J.J. Thomson, 1897), \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u2014 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u00ab\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb \u03ae \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u039b\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17512,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[2027,1778,1779,1766,1780],"tags":[2132,2134,2129,1916,2124,2135,2032,2125,2137,2126,2031,2128,2122,2127,2133,2123,2130,2138,2136,2131,2053],"class_list":["post-17510","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-20--istosch","category-1778","category-1779","category-1766","category-1780","tag-2132","tag-2134","tag-2129","tag-1916","tag-2124","tag-2135","tag-2032","tag-2125","tag-2137","tag-2126","tag-2031","tag-2128","tag-2122","tag-2127","tag-2133","tag-2123","tag-2130","tag-2138","tag-2136","tag-2131","tag-2053"],"magazineBlocksPostFeaturedMedia":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-150x150.jpg","medium":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-300x198.jpg","medium_large":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare.jpg","large":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare.jpg","1536x1536":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare.jpg","2048x2048":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare.jpg","masteriyo_single":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare.jpg","masteriyo_thumbnail":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-540x340.jpg","masteriyo_medium":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-360x224.jpg","colormag-highlighted-post":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-392x272.jpg","colormag-featured-post-medium":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-390x205.jpg","colormag-featured-post-small":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-130x90.jpg","colormag-featured-image":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare.jpg","colormag-default-news":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-150x150.jpg","colormag-featured-image-large":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare.jpg"},"magazineBlocksPostAuthor":{"name":"istosch","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bc3c7be5d470142d7671fb3a33d7171e131eaa167d2ff13aba582da92fe0dd06?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"magazineBlocksPostCommentsNumber":false,"magazineBlocksPostExcerpt":"\u039f 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\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u00bb.\r\n\r\n\u039f \u03a0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03cc\u03c6\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9 \u2014 \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u2014 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a0\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a6\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c7 \u0388\u03bd\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03c2 (\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 1873\u20131886, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 1925)[2], \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.\r\n\r\n\u0397 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae \u2014 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u2014 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (1909) \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03bc\u03b9\u03c1 \u038a\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03c2 \u039b\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03a4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (1914\u20131916, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd 1933, \u0386\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u0388\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1, \u03a4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 29)[3]. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7: \u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 (J.J. Thomson, 1897), \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u2014 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u00ab\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb \u03ae \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u039b\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd.","magazineBlocksPostCategories":["20 \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 istosch","\u0398\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2","\u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac - \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 - \u0386\u03bb\u03b3\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1","\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1","\u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae - \u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae - \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd - \u03a7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1"],"magazineBlocksPostViewCount":2,"magazineBlocksPostReadTime":1,"magazine_blocks_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare.jpg",604,398,false],"medium":["https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-300x198.jpg",300,198,true],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Minko-poyankare-150x150.jpg",150,150,true]},"magazine_blocks_author":{"display_name":"istosch","author_link":"https:\/\/istos-ch.com\/index\/author\/istosch\/"},"magazine_blocks_comment":0,"magazine_blocks_author_image":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bc3c7be5d470142d7671fb3a33d7171e131eaa167d2ff13aba582da92fe0dd06?s=96&d=mm&r=g","magazine_blocks_category":"<a href=\"#\" class=\"category-link category-link-2027\">20 \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 istosch<\/a> <a href=\"#\" class=\"category-link category-link-1778\">\u0398\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2<\/a> <a href=\"#\" class=\"category-link category-link-1779\">\u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac - \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 - \u0386\u03bb\u03b3\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1<\/a> <a href=\"#\" class=\"category-link category-link-1766\">\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1<\/a> <a href=\"#\" class=\"category-link category-link-1780\">\u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae - \u039c\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae - \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd - \u03a7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/a>","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf 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